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--- teaching:mfe:is [2014/06/03 11:22]
svsummer [Master Thesis in Collaboration with DPI 24/7 Media Publishing]
+++ teaching:mfe:is [2016/03/16 10:27]
tcalders
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== MFE 2014-2015 : Web and Information Systems ======
+====== MFE 2015-2016 : Web and Information Systems ======
 ===== Introduction =====
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 Our laboratory performs collaborative research with Euranova R&D (http://euranova.eu/). The list of subjects proposed for this year by Euranova can be found
-{{:teaching:mfe:mt2014_euranova.pdf|here}}
+{{:teaching:mfe:master_thesis_euranova_2015.pdf|here}}
 These subject include topics on distributed graph processing, processing big data using Map/Reduce, cloud computing, and social networks.
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
   * Contact : [[ezimanyi@ulb.ac.be|Esteban Zimanyi]]
-===== Master Thesis in Collaboration with DPI 24/7 Media Publishing =====
-The goal of the thesis is to set up a Saas / Paas solution for the deployement of the dpi 24/7 media publishing distribution in a Heroku-like style.
+===== Graph Indexing for Fast Subgraph Isomorphism Testing =====
-During this master thesis you will not only realize a theoretical and technological analysis of the problem of such a deployment but also implement a concrete solution for the dpi 24/7 distribution.
+There is an increasing amount of scientific data, mostly from the bio-medical sciences, that can be represented as collections of graphs (chemical molecules, gene interaction networks, ...). A crucial operation when searching in this data is that of subgraph    isomorphism testing: given a pattern P that one is interested in (also a graph) in and a collection D of graphs (e.g., chemical molecules), find all graphs in G that have P as a   subgraph. Unfortunately, the subgraph isomorphism problem is computationally intractable. In ongoing research, to enable tractable processing of this problem, we aim to reduce the number of candidate graphs in D to which a subgraph isomorphism test needs   to be executed. Specifically, we index the graphs in the collection D by means of decomposing them into graphs for which subgraph   isomorphism *is* tractable. An associated algorithm that filters graphs that certainly cannot match P can then formulated based on ideas from information retrieval.
-From a technical point of view you will :
+In this master thesis project, the student will emperically validate on real-world datasets the extent to which graphs can be decomposed into graphs for which subgraph isomorphism is tractable, and run experiments to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of filtering power.
-  * Develop a service using Docker and Dokku for the on-demand deployment of instances of the DPI 24/7 distribution (full stack architecture)
-  * Realize performance tests of the developed service
-  * Study the different options of the Paas mode (full stack or elastic deployment)
-Second, you will analyze the different existing solutions for the orchestration of an elastic virtualization architecture.
+**Interested?** Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-Technology used by the DPI 24/7 distribution : Linux, Varnish, NginX, Php-fpm, Mysql (in background Tomcat, SOLR).
+**Status**: available
-Virtualization technology : Container virtualization and deployment with Dokku
-Interested? DIP 27/7 Contact [[ddu@audaxis.com|Dimitri Dujardin]]. Academic Supervisor [[svsummer@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
+=====  Complex Event Processing for Security Analytics=====
-===== Automatic detection of name variations =====
+As noted by [[http://home.deib.polimi.it/cugola/Papers/cep_survey.pdf|Cugola and Magara]], "an increasing number of distributed applications requires processing continuously flowing data ("events") from geographically distributed sources at unpredictable rates to obtain timely responses to complex queries. Examples of such applications come from the most disparate fields: from fraud  detection to network intrusion detection systems, from wireless sensor networks to financial tickers, from traffic management to click-stream inspection."
-Toon Calders (WIT)
-For this project a large data collection consisting of historical birth, death, and marriage certificates of the province of North-Brabant in the Netherlands is available. This collection contains certificates for about 3 million people, from 1580 until 1955. This collection of paper documents has been indexed by volunteers. For many of the certificates (unfortunately the index is not complete yet), the names of the people involved in it, and their role have been recorded in a database. Consider for instance the following example of an index entry for a death certificate:
+These requirements have led to the development of a number of systems specifically designed to process information as a flow (or a set of flows) of continues data "events" according to a set of pre-deployed processing rules.  Despite having a common goal, these systems differ in a wide range of aspects, including architecture, data models, rule and pattern languages, and processing mechanisms. In part, this is due to the fact that they were the result of the research efforts of different communities, each one bringing its own view of the problem and its background to the definition of a solution.
-^ Death certificate ^^
+The master thesis is put forward in the context of the SPICES "Scalable Processing and mIning of Complex Events for Security-analytics" research project, funded by Innoviris.
-|Deceased	|Johanna Louise Fredrika Frans |
+The objective of this master thesis is to survey the existing systems and compare the strengths and weaknesses when they are applied specifically to the context detecting security breaches (network intrusion, fraud detection, ...), and help, as part of the research project, in the design & implementation of a new system that overcomes these weaknesses.
-|Relation of the deceased |Gerard Cornelius Reincke de Sitter |
-|Father of the deceased	|Carl Ludwig Frans |
-|Mother of the deceased	|Alida Philippina Zehender |
-|Type of deed |death certificate |
-|Number of deed	|5 |
-|Place	|Beers |
-|Date of decease |26-02-1825 |
-|Period	|1825 |
-|Contains |Overlijdensregister 1825 |
-|Number of inventory |50 |
-|Record number	|456 |
-There are, however, several problems with the data recorded by the volunteers:
+**Interested?** Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-  - Volunteers made mistakes when recording the names
-  - Natural name variations occur; for instance, during the Napoleonic era, Willem preferred to be called Guillaume. After the French left the Netherlands, Willem became Willem again. Other, less spectacular variations: Fredrika versus Frederika.
-  - Another source of variation is the granularity at which locations are reported. Sometimes locations have been reported at suburb or even neighborhood level, whereas in other records only the city is reported.
-  - Also the original data contained errors. For instance, the order of names may have been swapped.
-The goal of this graduation project is to automatically detect name variations for location and person names, using statistical and data mining methods. Because of the large size of the database it is very likely that most name variations occur frequently. In a pilot study, it was shown that name variations could be detected by finding pairs of full names sharing most surnames, but not all. The differences often were name variations. Your task will be to extend this approach to also include locations, and exploit additional background knowledge such as: for most birth certificates there is a matching death certificate, no one has more than one birth and death certificate, etc.
+**Status**: already taken.
-This project has a large research component, so your creative input will be required as well. For this project it is absolutely not necessary to speak or understand Dutch.
-Interested? Contact [[toon.calders@ulb.ac.be|Toon Calders]]
-===== Analyzing state-of-the-art technology for handwritten text recognition in a practical case study =====
+===== Compiling SPARQL queries into machine code =====
-Toon Calders (WIT) and Olivier Debeir (LISA)
-The goal of this project is to study the applicability of current state-of-the-art text recognition tools in the following practical application. Consider the following two exemplary documents:
+Due to the increasing availability of larger and larger cheap RAM memories, the working set of modern database management systems becomes more and more main memory resident. This implies that, in contrast to traditional database management systems, slow disk accesses are rare, and that hence, the in-memory processing speed of databases becomes an important factor. As recently observed by a number of researchers, (e.g., [[http://sites.computer.org/debull/A14mar/p3.pdf|Neumann and Leis]]), one very attractive approach for fast query processing in this context is the just-in-time compilation of incoming queries into machine code. This compilation avoids the overhead of the traditional interpretation of query plans, and can aid in minimzing memory traffic for boosting performance.
-[[https://dl.dropbox.com/u/5119252/MFE/069-50-3165-1813-00009.jpg]] \\
+A number of recent research prototypes exist that compile SQL queries into machine code in this sense:  HyPer A Hybrid OLTP&OLAP High Performance DBMS (http://hyper-db.de/) and Legobase (https://github.com/epfldata/NewLegoBase and http://data.epfl.ch/legobase).
-[[https://dl.dropbox.com/u/5119252/MFE/069-50-3165-1815-00003.jpg]]
-These two documents are scans of birth certificates (actually both are 2 birth certificates) from the Dutch city Grave. We have a huge collection of such paper documents; about 3 million, of which several tens of thousands have been scanned. Furthermore, we have an index on these documents, created by volunteers. This index contains, for the birth certificate, the name of the child, the name of the father and mother, and the witnesses. As you can see in the documents, however, much more information is available. Your task is to answer the following question: is it realistic, given the current state-of-the-art to do automatic recognition of hand-written texts such as these certificates? Most of the documents are very structured, with limited number of possible values (age of a person, profession), and there is a huge amount of training data; the names of all people have been indexed, usually the handwriting is consistent throughout a whole book with certificates. This graduation project includes a thorough literature study and experimentation with (original combinations of) state-of-the-art image recognition techniques adapted to our specific case. The project will be carried out in collaboration with the research labs WIT and LISA.
+The objective of this master thesis is to apply the same methodology to engineer a compiler that translates (fragments of) SPARQL (the standard query language for querying RDF data on the semantic web) into machine code. The overall methodology should follow the methodology used by HyPer and Legobase:
+  * Use of a high-level language to construct the compiler (Scala, http://scala-lang.org/)
+  * Use of Lightweight Modular Staging (LMS for short) for generating low-level portable assembly code at runtime (http://scala-lms.github.io/)
+  * Use of LLVM (http://llvm.org/) as a portable assembly code and corresponding translator to machine code.
-Interested? Contact [[toon.calders@ulb.ac.be|Toon Calders]]
+Getting aquaintend with these technologies is part of the master thesis objective.
-===== Process Mining on Company Data for Detecting Security Breaches =====
+**Validation of the approach** The thesis should propose a benchmark collection of SPARQL queries that can be used to test the obtained SPARQL-to-machine-code compiler and compare its perforance against a reference, interpreter-based SPARQL compiler.
-Toon Calders (WIT)
-According to a recent report of Price Waterhouse Cooper, the most common source of security incidents are current employees, followed at a distance by former employees and only after that truly external threats such as hactivists. [http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/consulting-services/information-security-survey/giss.jhtml?region=&industry=]  This observation leads to the conclusion that in an intelligent security event management system, should also concentrate on internal threats to security.
+**Deliverables** of the master thesis project:
-The goal of the thesis is to analyze the possibility of using process mining to help in the detection of silent attacks. We will concentrate on company-specific data. From this data typical behavior will be detected and modeled as a process or workflow. We consider three aspects of a workflow: the actor(s), the resources, and the activities. By modeling the normal behavior in the system we are able to detect deviating cases. Based on historical data, the goal is to build models of typical behavior, including the use of resources such as patient records. Such a system would be able to detect for instance if a certain patient record is consulted much more often than usual, or by more people, or outside of the normal workflow (e.g., only reading information, but not writing). Such a pattern could indicate unjustified access to for instance the patient record of a famous patient.
+  - An overview of the state of the art in query-to-machine-code compilation.
-For modeling the workflows, we propose the use of process mining (Van der Aalst, 2011). Process mining is a state-of-the-art technology concerned with the automatic extraction of process models from event logs. Consider, e.g., a hospital registering all activities that are carried out for the treatment of patients, ranging from the admission, various measurements being taken from the patient, medicine administered, surgical procedures, to the resignation of the patient. Process mining could be used to extrapolate from these examples, a common model of how the hospital deals with a patient. There are several applications of process mining; first it can be used to improve the processes by standardizing them; many companies and organizations may only have informal procedures. By process mining the process logs are used to extract a general model of the actual business processes. Such a model can guide the automation process.
+  - A description of lightweight modular staging and how it can be used to construct machine-code compilers.
-In this thesis the goal is to analyze how process mining could be used for anomaly detection; how can the discovered models be used to detect abnormal behavior in a company network? Much like in credit card fraud detection, the approach is to first model normal behavior, in this case using process mining, in order to detect diverging behavior that could indicate security breaches in the network.
+  - The SPARQL compiler (software artifact)
+  - A benchmark set of SPARQL queries and associated data sets for the experimental validation
+  - An experimental validation of the compiler, comparing efficiency of compiled queries against a reference compiler based on query plan interpretation.
-Van der Aalst, W. M. (2011). Process Mining: Discovery, Conformance and Enhancement of Business Processes. Springer.
+**Interested?** Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-Interested? Contact [[toon.calders@ulb.ac.be|Toon Calders]]
+**Status**: available
-===== Mining patterns for compression =====
+===== An implementation of the SCULPT schema language for tabular data on the Web =====
-Toon Calders (WIT)
-Data mining is the research discipline that studies the extraction of information from large amounts of data. One of the typical data mining tasks is pattern mining where we try to find regularities that occur frequently in a dataset. The prototypical example is that of a supermarket storing for every customer visiting the supermarket, the transaction; that is, the set of items that were bought by that customer. The frequent itemset mining problem now is to detect which combinations of products were more often sold together than a given threshold. One of the major problems of pattern mining algorithms, however, is the enormous amount of redundant patterns they generate; for instance, very popular items, such as toilet paper, tend to appear in many frequent combinations purely due to chance. In order to deal with this problem, techniques based upon compression and minimum description length were proposed to reduce the number of patterns. The rationale behind the minimal description length principle is that a set of patterns that describes well what is happening in the dataset should allow for a good compression. For a collection of patterns, the quality is measured as the description length of the patterns plus the size of the data compressed with these patterns. For instance, if the pattern {bread, milk, butter} has a high frequency, we could opt to replace every occurrence of this pattern by a special code, effectively reducing the encoding length of the data. Surprisingly, however, the MDL principle was until now only used to rule out redundant patterns, and it has not been researched yet how well the discovered patterns actually do compress the data as compared to compression algorithms such as Lempel–Ziv–Welch.
+Despite the availability of numerous standardized formats for semi-structured and semantic web data such as XML, RDF, and JSON, a very large percentage of data and open data published on the web, remains tabular in nature. (Jeni Tennison, one of the two co-chairs of the W3C CSV on the Web working group claims that ``over 90% of the data published on data.gov.uk is tabular data''.) Tabular data is most commonly published in the form of comma separated values (CSV) files because such files are open and therefore processable by numerous tools, and tailored for all sizes of files ranging from a number of KBs to several TBs. Despite these advantages, working with CSV files is often cumbersome because they are typically not accompanied by a //schema// that describes the file's structure (i.e., ``the second column is of integer datatype'', ``columns are delimited by tabs'', etc) and captures its intended meaning. Such a description is nevertheless vital for any user trying to interpret the file and execute queries or make changes to it.
-Hence, in this highly research oriented graduation project, two research questions are central: (1) How good do non-redundant pattern sets based on MDL allow compressing data, and (2) Can we extract useful patterns from existing compression algorithms?
-Interested? Contact [[toon.calders@ulb.ac.be|Toon Calders]]
+In other data models, the presence of a schema is also important for query optimization (required for scalable query execution if the file is large), as well as other static analysis tasks. Finally, schemas are a prerequisite for unlocking huge amounts of tabular data to the Semantic Web.
-===== Pattern Mining for Object Tracking =====
+In recognition of this problem, the CSV on the Web Working Group of the World Wide Web Consortium argues for the introduction of a schema language for tabular data to ensure higher interoperability when working with datasets using the CSV or similar formats.
-Toon Calders (WIT)
-Pattern mining techniques are more and more often used in computer vision
+The objective of this master thesis is to implement a recent proposal for such a schema language named SCULPT (http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.2351). Concretely, this entails:
-to obtain features that are more discriminative than those extracted
+  * proposing an elegant concrete syntax for SCULPT schemas
-using computer vision algorithms. This is true for example in content-based
+  * implement both the in-memory and streaming validation algorithms of SCULPT proposed in http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.2351
-images/videos retrieval, indexing, classiﬁcation, tracking, etc. However, the main
+  * extend the SCULPT proposal, by investigating how SCULPT can be combined with complementary features recently proposed by the W3C CSV on the Web Working group (http://www.w3.org/2013/csvw/wiki/Main_Page)
-drawback of using traditional pattern mining techniques is their ineﬃciency when
+  * and in particular, extend sculpt with features that allow tabular files to be converted into RDF
-dealing with huge set of data (for example provided by Google image or Youtube
+  * create associated tooling for SCULPT (i.e., parser and serializer generator, in the spirit of data description tools)
-for videos) or when trying to tackle real-time analysis problems. The data mining
-community has been working on the “Big Data” problem for many years coming
-up with promising solutions such as stream mining. The aim of this project
-is to explore the possibility of using pattern mining in data streams for the (real-time) analysis of videos and, in particular, for object tracking.
-For more extensive information regarding the context and problem setting, see the following paper:
+\\
+**Deliverables** of this master thesis project:
+  - detailed description of the SCULPT proposal (document)
+  - overview of the state of the art; in particular other proposals for schema languages for tabular data (document)
+  - concrete syntax for sculpt (design document + formal grammar)
+  - implementation of SCULPT validation algorithms (software artifact)
+  - extension of sculpt with features for converting into RDF (document + software)
-Toon Calders, Elisa Fromont, Baptiste Jeudy and Hoang Thanh Lam.
-[[http://labh-curien.univ-st-etienne.fr/~fromont/|Analysis of Videos using Tile Mining.]]\\
-In: //ECML/PKDD Workshop on Real-World Challenges for Data Stream Mining//, Prague, 2013
-Interested? Contact [[toon.calders@ulb.ac.be|Toon Calders]]
+**Interested?** Contact: [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
+**Status**: already taken
-===== Design and Implementation of a Curriculum Revision Tool ======
+===== Engineering a runtime system and compiler for AQL =====
-Stijn Vansummeren (WIT), Frédéric Robert (BEAMS)
+Automatically extracting structured information from text is a task that has been pursued for decades.Since most analytics over text involves information extraction as a first step, IE is a very important part of data analysis in the enterprise today.
-This MFE concers the analysis, design, and implementation of a
+In 2005, researchers at the IBM Almaden Research Center developped a new system specifically geared for practical information extraction in the enterprise. This effort lead to SystemT, a rule-based IE system with an SQL-like declarative language named AQL (Annotation Query Language). The declarative nature of AQL enables new kinds of tools for extractor development, and draws upon known techniques form query processing in relational database management systems to offer a cost-based optimizer that ensures high-througput performance. Recent research into the foundations of AQL (http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/files/us-fagin/jacm15.pdf) has shown that, as an alternative, it is also possible to build a runtime system for AQL based on special kinds of finite state automata. A potential benefit of this alternate runtime system is that text files need only be processed once (instead of multiple times in the cost-based optimizer backend) and may hence provide greater throughput. On the other hand, the alternate system can sometimes have larger memory requirements than the cost-based optimizer backend.
-software system that can assist in the revision of teaching curricula
-(also known as teaching programs).
-The primary targetted functionalities of the  software system are as
+The objective of this master thesis is to design and engineer a runtime system and compiler for (a fragment) of AQL based on finite state automata. Ideally, to obtain the best performance, these automata should be compiled into machine-code when executed. For this compilation, the following technologies should be used:
-follows:
+  * A a high-level language to construct the compiler (Scala, http://scala-lang.org/)
-  * It should allow to make different versions of the teaching programs, much in the same way as version control systems like GIT and subversion offer the possibility to make different "development branches" of a program's source code.
+  * Use of Lightweight Modular Staging (LMS for short) for generating low-level portable assembly from the automata at runtime (http://scala-lms.github.io/)
-  * It should  allow an extensible means to check the modified program for inconsistentcies. (For example, if course X has course Y as prerequisite, then course Y should not be scheduled in 2nd semester and X in 1st semester. Moreover, the total number of ECTS of all courses should be at most 60 ECTS. )
+  * Use of LLVM (http://llvm.org/) as a portable assembly code and corresponding translator to machine code.
-  * It should allow to analyze the modifications proposed in the teaching programs, and summarize the impact that these changes could have on other programs. (For example, if a course is removed from the computer science curriculum, it should be flagged that it should also be removed from all curricula that included the course.)
-  * It should load data from (and preferably, save data to) the ULB central administration database.
-  * It should give suggestions concerning the impact of the modifications on the course schedules.
-A proof-of-concept implementation of a revision tool that supports the first two requirements above is currently being developed in the context of a PROJH402 project. The MFE student that selects this topic is expected to:
+Getting aquaintend with these technologies is part of the master thesis objective.
-  * Develop this prototype to a production-ready implementation.
+**Validation of the approach** The thesis should propose a benchmark collection of AQL queries and associated input text files that can be used to test the obtained automaton-based AQL compiler and compare its performance against the reference, cost-based optimizer of SystemT.
-  * Implement the communication with the central ULB database.
-  * Implement the impact analysis concerning the course schedules.
-  * Interact with the administration of the Ecole Polytechnique to fine-tune the above requirements; test the implementation; and integrate remarks after testing
-Contact : Stijn Vansummeren <stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be>, Frédéric Robert <frrobert@ulb.ac.be>
+**Deliverables** of the master thesis project:
+  - An overview of AQL, SystemT, and its cost-based optimizer and evaluation engine. (document)
+  - A description of how AQL can be evaluated by means of so-called vset finite state automata. (document)
+  - A detailed desription of the state of the art in evaluating finite state automata. (document)
+  - Identification of the AQL syntaxt that is to be supported. (specification)
+  - The AQL compiler (software artifact)
+  - A benchmark set of AQL queries and associated data sets for the experimental validation
+  - An experimental validation of the compiler, comparing efficiency of compiled queries against the cost-based reference compiler.
-===== Design and Development of a Comprehensive DICOM validation application=====
+\\
+**References about SystemT**:
+  * [[http://almaden.ibm.com/cs/projects/avatar/icde2008.pdf|An Algebraic Approach to Rule-Based Information Extraction]]
+  * [[http://www.sigmod.org/publications/sigmod-record/0812/p007.special.krishnamurthy.pdf|SystemT: A System for Declarative Information Extraction]]
-Using the new XML machine-readable format of the DICOM standard (in the form of docbook documents), the architecture of software tools and services for the automatic extraction and utilization of the full content of the DICOM standard will be defined and the corresponding software solutions will be developed. A comprehensive DICOM validation application will also be developed as a pilot project using the previously created DICOM standard digital services.
+\\
+**References about finite state automata evaluation**:
+  * Regular expression pattern matching can be simple and fast. http://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp1.html
+  * Regular Expression Matching: the Virtual Machine Approach http://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp2.html
+  * Regular Expression Matching in the Wild http://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp3.html
+  * [[http://www.diku.dk/kmc/documents/AiPL-CrashCourse.pdf|A Crash-Course in Regular Expression Parsing and Regular Expressions as Types.]]
-References: <http://dicom.nema.org/; http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/>
+\\
-Requirements: XML, XSL, database, Java or Python or C++.
+**Interested?** Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-Contacts : Arnaud Schenkel <arnaud.schenkel@ulb.ac.be>, David Wikler <david.wikler@ulb.ac.be>, Stijn Vansummeren <stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be>
+\\
-===== Structural compression of relational and semantic web databases =====
+**Status**: taken
-Stijn Vansummeren (WIT)
-Recent research in database management systems at ULB has shown how to
+===== Structural compression of relational databases =====
-theoretically construct succinct (compressed) representations for
-relational databases and semantic web databases. The advantage of
-these succinct representations is that they allow querying directly
-*on the succinct representation*, without needing to consult the
-underlying database.
-The goal of this thesis is to study scalable algorithms for
+Recent research in database management systems at ULB has shown how to theoretically construct succinct (compressed) representations for relational databases and semantic web databases. The advantage of these succinct representations is that they allow querying directly **on the succinct representation**, without needing to consult the underlying database.
-constructing the actual succinct representations. Some in-memory
-algorithms are already known, but given the large size of typical
-database, distributed and out-of-memory alternatives need to be found.
+The goal of this thesis is to study scalable algorithms for constructing the actual succinct representations. Some in-memory algorithms are already known, but given the large size of typical database, distributed and out-of-core alternatives need to be found.
-  * Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
+**Deliverables**:
+  * Overview of the state of the art in main-memory, and distributed (bi)simulation-based compression algorithms (document)
+  * Description of the simulation-based compression algorithm to implement (document)
+  * Selection of the distribution framework (Actors, Pregel, ...) (document)
+  * Simulation algorithm (software artifact)
+  * Experimental analysis of distributed algorithm on a number of datasets. (document)
+**Interested?** Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-===== A contribution to Apache DRILL =====
+**Status**: available
-Google's research lab has produced a remarkable number of software
+===== A Scala-based runtime and compiler for Distributed Datalog =====
-systems for the analytics of Big Data:
-  * [[|Map/Reduce]] for offline, batch-oriented data analysis over arbitrary datasets
-  * [[http://googleresearch.blogspot.be/2009/06/large-scale-graph-computing-at-google.html|Pregel]] for offline analysis over graph-structured datasets
-  * [[http://research.google.com/pubs/pub36632.html|Dremel]] for on-line analysis over structured datasets
-For Map/Reduce and Pregel, the Apache Software foundation has
+Datalog is a fundamental query language in datamanagement based on logic programming. It essentially extends select-from-where SQL queries with recursion. There is a recent trend in data management research to use datalog to specify distributed applications, most notably on the web, as well as do inference on the semantic web. The goal of this thesis is to engineer a basic **distributed datalog system**, i.e., a system that is capable of compiling & running distributed datalog queries. The system should be implemented in the Scala programming language. Learning Scala is part of the master thesis project.
-previously constructed open source implementations ([[http://hadoop.apache.org/|Hadoop]],
-[[https://giraph.apache.org/|Giraph]]). For Dremel, a project is
-currently underway to provide an Open Source implementation (known as
-[[http://incubator.apache.org/drill/index.html|Apache Drill]]).
-The goal of this thesis is to (1) study the current architecture of Apache
+The system should incorporate recently proposed worst-case join algorithms (i.e., the [[http://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0481|leapfrog trie join]]) and employ known local datalog optimizations (such as magic sets and QSQ.)
-Drill, (2) compare this with the state of the art in query processing
-for structured datasets; (3) contribute to the development of the
-Drill implementation.
-Students interested in this MFE are highly advised to follow the
+**Validation of the approach** The thesis should propose a benchmark collection of datalog queries and associated data workloads that be used to test the obtained system, and measure key performance characteristics (elasticity of the system; memory frootprint; overall running time, ...)
-course {{http://cs.ulb.ac.be/public/teaching/infoh417|INFOH417
-Database Systems Architecture}} for a background on query processing
-in traditional database management systems.
-  * Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-===== Aspects of Text Analytics and Information Extraction =====
-Automatically extracting structured information from text is a task that has been pursued for decades. As a discipline, //Information Extraction// (IE) had its start with the [[http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/C/C96/C96-1079.pdf|DARPA Message Understanding Conference in 1987]].  While early work in the area focused largely on military applications, recent changes have made information extraction increasingly important to an increasingly broad audience.  Trends such as the rise of social media have produced huge amounts of text data, while analytics platforms like Hadoop have at the same time made the analysis of this data more accessible to a broad range of users.  Since most analytics over text involves information extraction as a first step, IE is a very important part of
+**Deliverables**:
-data analysis in the enterprise today.
+  * Semantics of datalog; overview of known optimization strategies (document)
+  * Description of the leapfrog trie join (document)
+  * Datalog system (software artifact)
+  * Experimental analysis of developped system on a number of use cases (document)
-Broadly speaking, there are two main schools of thought on the realization of IE: the //statistical// (machine-learning) methodology and the  //rule-based// approach.  The first started with simple models, then progressed to approaches based onprobabilistic graph models. Within the rule-based approach, most of the solutions build upon [[https://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CEEQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dfki.de%2F~neumann%2Fesslli04%2Freader%2Foverview%2FIJCAI99.pdf&ei=1yZIUdSZPMWHPa2rgagP&usg=AFQjCNFA6QYIt4yNR0oZRL4yjd--kev37A&sig2=nEILF_cNDk4JWiVDS5BXvg&bvm=bv.43828540,d.ZWU|cascaded finite-state  transducers]].  Most systems in both categories were built for academic settings, where most users are highly-trained computational linguists, where workloads cover only a small number of very well-defined tasks and data sets, and where extraction throughput is far less important than the accuracy of results.
+\\
+**Interested?** Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
-In practice, these existing tools suffer from a number of practical problems. For example, users need to have an intuitive understanding of machine learning or the ability to build and understand complex and highly interdependent rules. Determining why an extractor produced a given incorrect result
+**Status**: available
-is hence often deemed extremely difficult, which makes reuse of extractors across different data sets and applications impractical.  And extremely
-high CPU and memory requirements made extractors cost-prohibitive to deploy over large-scale data sets.
-In 2005, researchers at the IBM Almaden Research Center started work on a new system specifically geared for practical information extraction in the enterprise.  This effort lead to [[https://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CEYQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.179.356%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=gyhIUe-XPIexPJ-fgLAG&usg=AFQjCNHgkbcREbd6bCA26BVf0FuIZ9n7Sg&sig2=LVQkus_67uSVlwK34BXZ8w&bvm=bv.43828540,d.ZWU|SystemT]] , a rule-based IE system with an SQL-like declarative language named [[http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/bigins/v2r0/topic/com.ibm.swg.im.infosphere.biginsights.analyze.doc/doc/aql_overview.html|AQL (Annotation Query Language)]].
+===== Design and Implementation of a Curriculum Revision Tool =====
-The declarative nature of AQL enables new kinds of tools for extractor
-development, and a cost-based optimizer for
-performance.
-The goal of this thesis is to study and compare both the
+Stijn Vansummeren (WIT), Frédéric Robert (BEAMS)
-traditional methods towards information extraction and the new
-AQL-based method proposed by SystemT, based on experimental
-evaluation of information extraction problems on the
-Web. Additional possible topics of study include the (1)
-implementation and optimization aspects of AQL, (2) the extension
-of AQL with probablistic methods, or (3) the inference of AQL
-rules from examples.
+This master thesis project concerns the analysis, design, and implementation of a software system that can assist in the revision of teaching curricula (also known as teaching programs).
-Interested? Contact [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
+The primary targetted functionalities of the software system are as follows:
-===== Models for programming Data Management in the Cloud =====
+  * It should allow to make different versions of the teaching programs, much in the same way as version control systems like GIT and subversion offer the possibility to make different "development branches" of a program's source code.
+  * It should allow an extensible means to check the modified program for inconsistentcies. (For example, if course X has course Y as prerequisite, then course Y should not be scheduled in 2nd semester and X in 1st semester. Moreover, the total number of ECTS of all courses should be at most 60 ECTS. )
+  * It should allow to analyze the modifications proposed in the teaching programs, and summarize the impact that these changes could have on other programs. (For example, if a course is removed from the computer science curriculum, it should be flagged that it should also be removed from all curricula that included the course.)
+  * It should load data from (and preferably, save data to) the ULB central administration database.
+  * It should give suggestions concerning the impact of the modifications on the course schedules.
-Many say that "The Cloud" is the next computing platform on the
+A proof-of-concept implementation of a revision tool that supports the first two requirements above is currently being developped in the context of a PROJH402 project. The MFE student that selects this topic is expected to:
-Web. Unfortunately, "the cloud" has become a marketing buzzword with
+  * Develop this prototype to a production-ready implementation.
-many different services offered, from the rental of virtual machines,
+  * Implement the communication with the central ULB database.
-to the rental of storage space, to specific compute platforms
+  * Implement the impact analysis concerning the course schedules.
-(e.g. MapReduce) that offer transparent parallelization.
+  * Interact with the administration of the Ecole Polytechnique to fine-tune the above requirements; test the implementation; and integrate remarks after testing
-In this thesis, we are interested in the cloud from the point of view
-of data management. There is a recent trend in data management
-research to use logic programming rule-based languages to specify
-distributed applications, most notably on the web, as well as
-inference in the semantic web (see below for a list of
-references). The goal of this thesis is to study, compare, and where
-possible extend the current (logic-programming based) proposals for
-managing data in the cloud.
-  * References:
-       * http://boom.cs.berkeley.edu/
-       * http://p2.cs.berkeley.edu/index.php
-       * http://www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/files/3608/RR-10-21.pdf
 \\
-  * Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
+**Interested?** Contact : Stijn Vansummeren (stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be), Frédéric Robert <frrobert@ulb.ac.be>
-  * Status: **already taken**
-===== Distributed Structural Indexes for RDF Data =====
-In an effort to enable people to share information in a
-structured form on the Web as easily as they can share unstructured
-HTML documents today, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C for short) is
-calling for the creation of a Web of Linked Data. In the same way as
-one uses HTML and hyperlinks to publish and connect information on the
-Web of Documents, one uses the RDF data model and RDF links to publish
-and connect structured information on the Web of Linked Data. The
-advantage of RDF over HTML lies in its simplicity: all information is
-represented uniformly as triples of the form (subject, predicate,
-object). This allows one to represent both facts about entities (e.g.,
-(Tim Berners-Lee, age, 54)) and links between entities (e.g. (Tim
-Berners-Lee, author of, http://...))  in an easily
-machine-interpretable manner. This is much more difficult with HTML
-where there is little or no constraint on the way information is
-represented.
-Linked Data has the potential to turn the Web into one huge database
-with structured querying capabilities that vastly exceed the limited
-keyword search queries so common on the Web of Documents today.
-As a key component of efficient query answering in Linked Data Management systems, much research is focused on devising high-performance native RDF indexing data structures. One class of such indexes, called structural indexes, seem very promising in this respect. Currently however, structural indexes for RDF are difficult to distribute accross the web. Given the importance of distribution in web-scale data, the goal of this thesis is to investigate how structural RDF indexes can be used in a distributed query answering platform.
-  * Contact : [[stijn.vansummeren@ulb.ac.be|Stijn Vansummeren]]
+**Status?** Already taken